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If you want to skip online dating subscription costs and hidden fees, then you should spend your time on 100 percent free dating sites that offer a lot of matchmaking power for the low cost of $0.

Pretty much all dating sites are completely free to join, but sometimes that’s where the free ride ends. It’s frustrating to discover paywalls where you want to find conversations, and not all online daters have cash to spare on a paid membership.

We’ve broken down what you’ll get with a free membership on the most popular free dating sites and apps available, so you can make an informed decision and save some cash in the dating scene.

Best Overall Christian LGBT Black Senior Hookup Relationships Local International FAQs

Best Overall 100 Percent Free Dating Sites (#1-2)

Let’s start with a couple of sure-fire winners for singles of all backgrounds and ages. The following two dating platforms offer a free standard membership that includes enough communication options to get you onto a first date.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Friends, Dates, and Relationships

Match System:Browse by zip, age, appearance, more

Our Experts Say:“Match has facilitated the most dates and relationships of any dating site, and its large audience and high success rate make it our top review...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
All Singles*	49%* 51%*	39.7 Million*	Try Match.com FREE

Match is the top dating site for finding a new friend, hot date, or even a soulmate. Its time-tested matchmaking system has been helping singles meet one another since 1995, and the Match Group boasts having seen more success stories than any of its competitors.

A free Match membership gives you access to every active dating profile in this database, and you can send a virtual like to an online cutie to see if the attraction is mutual. It’s free to respond to messages from premium members or to message the people in your Top Picks list, so free members can definitely do a lot of flirting on the Match website and app.

2. Bumble

Bumble made waves in 2014 as the world’s first feminist dating app, and it has been putting women first ever since. The app requires female users to make the first move when matched with a man, but, don’t worry guys, you can chat all you want for free after she sends that initial “hello.”

This unique messaging system benefits women because it allows them to set the tone in their romantic relationships, but it also benefits men by taking the pressure off them to always initiate and pursue women.

Bumble offers free communication between all mutual matches.

Many singles have embraced Bumble as a more civilized way to date. In 2020, Bumble surpassed 100 million users in six continents. Since its launch, the dating app has been responsible for over 1.5 billion first moves.

Best 100 Percent Free “Christian” Dating Sites (#3-4)

Christian singles often feel more comfortable dating a person who shares similar beliefs and values because religion is an important factor when building a life together. People of faith have a lot in common with each other, and their shared faith can strengthen their relationship.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Dates and Serious Relationships

Match System:Search by gender, age, education, more

Our Experts Say:“ChristianMingle is among the largest dating sites in the industry that only caters to single Christian men and women, and the site has some of the best search filters and safety features...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
Christian Singles*	44%* 56%*	3.5 Million*	Try Now for $19.99/Month

Christian Mingle offers a faith-driven dating experience geared toward the Christian community. It is open to people of all religious backgrounds, but 90% of its users identify as Christian.

Over 15 million people have joined Christian Mingle since its launch in 2001, and the dating site has shared hundreds of success stories from people getting engaged, married, and raising Christian children. It doesn’t cost anything to create a Christian Mingle profile and get in touch with date prospects in your area.

Christian Mingle offers a friendly sanctuary to men and women looking for a Christian partner, and the free dating service could be the answer to your prayers.

4. Coffee Meets Bagel

Coffee Meets Bagel is a dating app designed to create authentic and loving relationships, and you can access its curated match list for free. Once you complete your dating profile, you can start swiping and liking profiles that fit your dating preference. Just be aware that free CMB members only get a limited number of swipes and likes per day.

Coffee Meets Bagel provides a free match list and chatting tools.

The CMB app operates on the premise that quality is better than quantity in the dating scene, so it has rules in place to ensure singles don’t move too quickly or play the field. Instead, singles have the chance to focus their attention on one dating profile at a time and see if romance blooms.

Since its launch in 2012, Coffee Meets Bagel has created more than 50 million matches, and it continues to make a name for itself as a leading app for relationships.

Best 100 Percent Free “LGBT” Dating Sites (#5-8)

The invention of online dating has been a great help to LGBTQ+ singles because it can effectively take straight people out of the equation and create a safe space for queer dating. The following gay dating sites specialize in creating same-sex matches — without charging users anything.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Daters & Hookups

Match System:Search by age, zip code, more

Our Experts Say:“MenNation is a well-established gay dating and hookup brand, having been founded in 1996. It's totally free to join, view profiles, receive matches, and flirt...”

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
Singles & Couples*	95%* 5%*	780,000*	Start for Free

MenNation supports an all-male dating network where guys can solicit sex in private messages and chat rooms. The gay hookup site creates a fun and flirty atmosphere where it’s not unusual to go from “hey, how are you?” to “I’ll meet you there” within a few minutes.

MenNation’s free search filters and browsing tools can help stimulate interest between gay men looking to get laid. Then all that’s left to do is upgrade to get the run of the dating website and send messages to guys who turn you on.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Hookups Only

Match System:Search by location, interest, more

Our Experts Say:“LesbianPersonals provides a fun, quick, and easy experience for gay and bisexual women looking for sex online. Join for free, and you'll be able to search and communicate immediately...”

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
Singles & Couples*	10%* 90%*	500,000*	View Profiles Free

LesbianPersonals is a hookup site that appeals to lesbian women, bisexual women, straight couples, and anyone else turned on by a little girl-on-girl action.

A LesbianPersonals profile comes with a lot of free perks and privileges, but only premium members can exchange messages, photos, and videos through this platform. The pay-to-play system keeps unsavory characters from sending spam messages and ruining the flirtatious vibe on the site.

7. Grindr

Since 2009, Grindr has absolutely blown up the gay dating scene. This gay dating app uses location-based matching to inspire real-time connections that can lead to instant hookups or serious relationships depending on how guys play it.

Grindr sees more than 3.8 million daily active users.

Grindr empowers gay men to swipe, match, and chat with each other all day and all night long. It’s completely free to send and receive messages from mutual matches. Free members can also set search filters by age range and distance.

Grindr Xtra users have more search filters, tribes, and liking options at their disposal, and they also get read receipt notifications on their messages, so some guys say it’s worth upgrading to have more control over this fast-paced and sex-driven world.

8. HER

A single woman can join the HER dating app to break free from toxic masculinity and meet women in the queer community. This no-boys-allowed dating zone is a safe, friendly, and respectful place to make a new friend or create a new relationship.

The HER dating network includes more than 4 million singles who identify as female, and every dating profile has been verified through Facebook.

HER is a social dating app for lesbian, bisexual, queer, and trans women.

HER gives women the opportunity to express themselves through photos and posts, and they can connect with others for free by sending private messages or RSVPing to local queer events.

Celine and Katie met on HER in 2016 and now are among the many #WeMetOnHER success stories trending on Twitter. They were planning to get married in July 2020; however, the lesbian couple had to push their wedding back to 2021 because of the coronavirus pandemic.

Best 100 Percent Free “Black” Dating Sites (#9-10)

Black dating isn’t about segregation — it’s about knowing what you want and finding people who understand where you’re coming from.

Black dating sites give singles easy access to the dark-skinned dates they desire. The following two online dating sites have diverse networks that facilitate Black love stories as well as interracial relationships.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Deep Relationships or Just Casual Dates

Match System:Search by location, age, more

Our Experts Say:“BlackPeopleMeet.com is the one of the largest and most popular dating sites for black and biracial singles, and the site is used by more than 5 million people a month...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
Black Singles*	47%* 53%*	5.7 Million*	FREE Trial for New Users

Over the last two decades, BlackPeopleMeet has grown into the most popular Black dating site in North America, and it creates thousands of love connections every day.

BlackPeopleMeet is open to people of all races, cultures, and ethnicities, but the majority of its users identify as African American, Black, or biracial. The online dating website has search filters by race and appearance to help local singles find someone who is exactly their type.

As a courtesy, BPM offers free searching and some free chat options, but only paid members have the ability to send messages and get to know this diverse dating pool.

10. Plenty of Fish

Plenty of Fish offers completely free communication for all users with no mutual matching required. The dating site and app don’t put many limits on its online chat room. As long as you have an approved dating profile, you can message anyone you want in the POF community.

It’s free to create a POF profile, take the personality test, and send up to 55 first messages a day to potential dates.

Plenty of Fish maintains a diverse membership base with over 4 million active users.

More than 150 million people have joined Plenty of Fish since its launch in 2003, and the dating platform adds approximately 65,000 new users every day. Black singles can use this free service to pick up a hot date without shelling out their hard-earned cash.

Best 100 Percent Free “Senior” Dating Sites (#11-12)

As you get older, your priorities, lifestyle, and dating goals can change drastically. Young singles may have the time and energy to dance the night away with a stranger and make no commitments, but older singles tend to be more serious about finding someone to love for the rest of their days.

The best senior dating sites give men and women the opportunity to build friendships and relationships that can go the distance.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Dates and Relationships

Match System:Search by profiles by zip and more

Our Experts Say:“OurTime is well-known in the over-50 dating crowd, particularly because it has a ton of helpful search features and an easy layout...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
Mature Singles (50+)*	48%* 52%*	8.9 Million*	Over 50? Try It FREE

OurTime gives senior singles a fresh start in the dating scene. The online dating website and app make it easy to create a profile and mingle in a mature, 50-plus dating crowd. And it doesn’t cost anything to get started.

New members can choose to add a lot of details about their interests and dating goals, or they can stick to the basics by only filling in the required sections for age, gender, location, and appearance. Keep in mind that members with more descriptive profiles and at least one photo tend to get more attention on OurTime because people know they’re not fake profiles.

It’s free to use OurTime’s local search tools to find potential dates, and you can send unlimited likes and reply to messages from premium members for free as well.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Friendship, Casual Dates, Serious Relationships

Match System:Search by age, location, height, education, ethnicity, and religion

Our Experts Say:“SilverSingles is a fast-growing, easy-to-use niche dating site exclusively for active daters over the age of 50...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
Mature Singles (50+)*	41%* 59%*	800,000*	Sign up for FREE

SilverSingles has gotten a lot of positive reviews as an online dating site built exclusively for single men and women over 50.

A free SilverSingles membership can be a great way to kick-start a senior dating experience and encounter folks with similar perspectives on life. The dating service provides search filters by age, education, religion, relationship status, and other important dealmakers or dealbreakers, and it provides match ratings to let users know how closely their lifestyles line up.

Best 100 Percent Free Hookup Sites (#13-17)

Sex can be a powerful motivator in the dating scene. A lot of adults aren’t thinking about forever when they start flirting with a stranger — they’re thinking about a night of intimacy and passion. Singles with a hit-it-and-quit-it mentality often find they have better luck on hookup sites where horny people mingle every day.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Hookups, Casual Dates, Affairs

Match System:Search by age, location, appearance, and more

Our Experts Say:“With its massive user base and advanced privacy features, Ashley Madison is the #1 site for discreet hookups, dates, or relationships...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
All Singles & Attached*	71%* 29%*	65 Million*	Start Now for FREE

Ashley Madison is a married dating platform with absolutely zero false pretenses. People come here looking for affairs and secret relationships, and they’re not typically shy about making their desires known.

In a recent survey, 61% of Ashley Madison members said they were looking for sex, and 76% said having an affair allowed them to meet their sexual needs.

Christian Mingle

Ashley Madison has over 60 million members worldwide, and it facilitates around 1 million affairs a month thanks to its women-chat-for-free policy.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Hookups, Chats

Match System:Search by encounter, location, and more

Our Experts Say:“BeNaughty is a premier hookup app where you can feel comfortable expressing your desires. Plus, it's free to join, browse, and flirt...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
All Singles*	48%* 52%*	13.3 Million*	Browse Profiles Free

As a casual dating site, BeNaughty encourages sexy singles to let go of their inhibitions and be a little naughty in their personal lives. And it offers completely free chatting to speed things up.

Once you’ve completed your BeNaughty profile, you can send private messages or mass texts to singles in your immediate vicinity. The search tab saves profiles by online activity, popularity, and photos to make it easier for singles to find hotties willing to chat. Plus, the Like Gallery showcases the photos of BeNaughty members who fit your match criteria.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Hookups Only

Match System:Search by location, interest, more

Our Experts Say:“Make no mistake: this site isn't about making friends, it's about short-term 'hookups' and affairs only. Note that a basic account costs $14.95/month, but it's well worth it if casual sex is your goal...”

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
All Singles*	65%* 35%*	25.5 Million*	$14.95/Month

Since 1996, Adult Friend Finder has grown into the largest sex and swinger community ever built. The hookup site has over 102 million users worldwide and hosts hundreds of live model broadcasts per day.

It’s free to mingle in the AFF community, view sexy photos, and post in the X-rated forum or blog, but only premium members have the ability to send private messages, photos, and videos to each other. You can get a feel for Adult Friend Finder with a trial membership, but upgrading to a monthly subscription is the best way to arrange a fast hookup online.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Hookups Only

Match System:Search by location, interest, more

Our Experts Say:“A hookup site specializing in casual encounters, secret affairs, live chats, and member videos, FriendFinder-X skips the awkward 'dating' stage of a relationship and fast-forwards straight to the sex...”

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
Singles & Couples*	64%* 36%*	1.2 Million*	Browse Members Free

FriendFinder-X is a local sex site where singles, swingers, and polyamorous groups can go wild and satisfy their desires. Nothing is taboo on FriendFinder-X, and you’ll see people of all fetishes, kinks, and experience levels seeking a sexual partner here.

You may also see quite a few ads on FriendFinder-X because that’s how the hookup site makes a profit. The advertisements pay for the site, so you don’t have to. There is no need to get a paid subscription on FriendFinder-X, and you won’t find any annoying paywalls standing between you and a hot date.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Hookups, Casual Dating, Chats

Match System:Search by age, location, gender, orientation, and other factors

Our Experts Say:“Flirt.com frees singles to chat with attractive locals and pick up dates on the spot. This hookup site is always open to horny and sexy people seeking one-night stands, casual dating, threesomes, and other sexual encounters...”

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
All Singles*	48%* 52%*	1 million*	Browse Profiles Free

Flirt.com is a free dating website where horny singles can flirt for free. There isn’t a fee for messaging a single man or woman who strikes your fancy, and the site even has a mass text feature to help spark connections more quickly.

As a casual dating service, Flirt.com keeps things light and simple. You don’t have to write a lot about yourself or go through a lengthy personality test to get your dating profile up and running. Simply provide an email address and answer a few basic questions about yourself (gender, age, location, etc.) to get started. You don’t even have to upload a photo to browse Flirt.com, so feel free to stay anonymous as you look for a hookup.

Best 100 Percent Free Dating Sites “For Relationships” (#18-20)

Serious daters are often frustrated by how superficial swiping apps can be. Certain platforms encourage surface-level attractions and chit-chatting, so finding a long-term match can take a lot of time and effort. Fortunately, some dating sites and apps have developed in-depth matchmaking tools to help people in the search for love.

We’ve ranked a few of the most successful dating sites and apps for relationship-minded singles who aren’t afraid of making a commitment.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Serious Relationships

Match System:Search, Receive Partner Suggestions

Our Experts Say:“EliteSingles is a leading dating site just for busy, single professionals. More than 80% of members have earned a college degree, and most are looking for a serious commitment...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
All Singles*	44%* 56%*	2 Million*	Browse Profiles Free

EliteSingles is a premium dating site that caters to singles who are serious about settling down. The majority of EliteSingles users are in their 30s, have established their careers, and want a potential partner who is just as accomplished and intelligent as they are.

Busy professionals choose EliteSingles as their matchmaker of choice because its adjustable filters help them take control of their dating experience and find dates that meet certain standards.

EliteSingles can offer a high-quality dating pool, but it’ll take more than a free membership to get into the good graces of someone special. Only premium members can view photos and send messages on this dating site and app.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Casual Dates, Deep Relationships

Match System:Personality test suggests matches

Our Experts Say:“Accounting for 2% of U.S. marriages, eharmony's compatibility-based system and commitment-minded user base are ideal for those seeking a serious relationship...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
All Straight Singles*	48%* 52%*	4.1 Million*	View Profiles FREE

About 20 years ago, a team of psychologists decided to create a formula for love, and the eharmony dating site was the result.

The eharmony algorithm uses an 80-question personality test to measure relationship compatibility and find a perfect match based on an individual’s temperament, values, family life, and dating goals. Singles can see a breakdown of their compatibility as well as a match rating on every profile. That makes it easy to build a serious relationship based on common ground.

It’s free to join eharmony, take the compatibility quiz, and send icebreakers and greetings to premium members, but only paid members can use the live chat and video chat features to take things to the next level.

20. Hinge

The Hinge dating app has solidified its reputation as a relationship app by giving singles all the information they need to make a smart match. The app puts an interesting twist on swiping by requiring members to like or comment on one of the six photos or three prompts featured in a Hinge profile.

To date, Hinge has made millions of matches, and the app leads to more than 35,000 dates per week.

Hinge is responsible for countless online dating love stories — including mine!

Since 2012, Hinge has endeavored to spark deep conversations that lead to great first dates and, hopefully, lasting relationships. The app markets itself as “designed to be deleted,” which means its ultimate goal is to match users with the person who makes them want to give up the swiping game for good.

According to its internal numbers, Hinge has a 72% success rate when it comes to turning first dates into second dates, and only 2% of its users are looking for hookups.

Best 100 Percent Free “Local” Dating Sites (#21-23)

You don’t have to look very far to meet local singles thanks to modern technology. A free online dating site can conduct a local search for you and deliver potential matches directly to your inbox. Here are some go-to dating apps that can bring romance to your door.

Our expert ratings are based on factors such as popularity, usability, value, and success rate of each site.

Relationships:Fun Dates, Serious Relationships

Match System:Search and get match recommendations

Our Experts Say:“Zoosk is integrated with social media sites, like Facebook and Google+, so it's very popular with singles on the go...” Full Review»

Browse Free:View Photos Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)
All Singles*	48%* 52%*	28.9 Million*	Start Zoosk for FREE

Zoosk is a social dating site and app where singles can use an abundance of search and match features to find common ground.

Once you enter your ZIP code into your Zoosk profile, the learning algorithm will instantly organize a list of date possibilities ranked by their proximity to you. Free members can click the Edit Search button to adjust their dating preferences and set a search radius of anywhere from three to 100 miles. That way, only local singles will show up in your Connections folder.

More than 40 million people have joined the Zoosk network since 2007, and its members exchange over 3 million messages each day.

22. Tinder

There was just no way that we could leave Tinder off the list of 100 percent free dating sites. Like it or not, our online dating experts have determined that it’s one of the fastest (and the freest) ways to meet singles in your area.

The stats speak for themselves. Since launching in 2012, Tinder has created more than 43 billion matches, seen over 340 million downloads, and led to countless first dates, hookups, and relationships.

More than half of Tinder users are between 18 and 25 years old.

When it comes to finding a local date, Tinder can’t be beat. A free Tinder account gives singles access to a virtually endless swiping list, and they can chat with their mutual matches for free. The casual atmosphere on Tinder is particularly appealing to young daters who are still figuring out what they want.

In a 2020 survey, more singles (39%) reported using Tinder to get them through the COVID-19 pandemic than any other dating site or app.

23. Happn

Happn is a dating app designed to create a feeling of serendipity between singles. Its algorithm uses GPS data to identify where two users cross paths as they go about their day. When you view someone’s profile, you can see the coffee shops, bars, bookstores, and restaurants you have in common, and you can use that information to arrange a first date you’ll both enjoy.

Happn helps local singles find common ground in the dating scene.

Thanks to Happn, singles can cover a lot of ground in the search for romance, and it’s particularly useful in big cities. The Happn app will never reveal a person’s real-time location, and only mutual matches can see where they have crossed paths.

Happn doesn’t pressure people to make a commitment or put a ring on it, so it’s a great place to just mingle and see what happens.

Best 100 Percent Free “International” Dating Sites (#24-25)

Despite what people say, love may not be around the corner in some cases. It may be halfway around the world. International dating sites give singles the chance to broaden their search for love and seek dates in different cities, states, and countries if necessary.

Here are a couple international dating sites with good reputations and worldly members.

24. OkCupid

OkCupid is an always free dating site and app where members can flirt and date without worrying about paid subscriptions. It’s 100 percent free to send messages on OkCupid, and you don’t need to create a match to say hi.

This 0pen-ended dating scene appeals to young singles who want to play the field because it doesn’t cost anything to engage in multiple private conversations at once.

OkCupid creates more than 91 million matches and leads to 2.5 million dates a year.

While OkCupid is based in the U.S.A., its membership base includes people from around the world. An American single can tap into that international dating network by going into the “Looking For” section of his or her dating profile and adjusting the distance preference to Anywhere. That way, Americans won’t be limited by a certain distance radius and can become pen pals with OkCupid users in Canada, the U.K., or Australia.

25. Badoo

Badoo keeps a running tally of how many users have downloaded the app or joined the website, and it currently stands at 481 million people worldwide. That ranks it among the most popular dating services of all time.

Badoo is available in 190 countries and 47 languages.

When you look at the numbers, Badoo comes out on top. The dating website and app see over 60 million users per month and facilitates more than 12 billion swipes per day. Badoo’s photo gallery adds about 10 million pictures a day, and the Badoo network adds more than 300,000 users a day.

What Does “100 Percent Free” Mean on Dating Sites?

It’s important that newcomers to the online dating world understand that not every free dating site is 100 percent free for everyone. It may just be free to join. Or free for single women. Or free during the first week or month of membership.

Pretty much all dating sites offer at least some free services (browsing, liking, matching, etc.), but only a few allow free members to access 100 percent of its features without a premium subscription plan. In our estimation, a dating site or app can only claim to be “100 percent free” if it’s possible for singles to pick up a date without paying a cent.

Are 100 Percent Free Dating Sites Safe to Use?

Meeting a stranger on a 100 percent free dating site is about as safe as meeting a stranger at a bar or club. The only big difference is you can’t look the person in the eyes, so you have to ask questions and be diligent to avoid fake profiles.

Online communication is perfectly safe because you can screen people while keeping them at a distance — just remember not to give out your personal details too quickly.

Online daters can build trust by engaging in a private chat and conducting a quick background search.

Endangering your personal safety is too high a cost to pay for online dating, so be wary about putting yourself in a risky situation just to save a buck. Free dating sites do not run background checks, and they can attract scammers and spammers looking to take advantage. The good news is that singles can usually spot online dating scams if they use good judgment and vet their dates.

How Do I Choose a 100 Percent Free Dating Site?

Experts estimate that there are more than 8,000 dating sites available worldwide, so finding the right one for you can seem like an awfully big task.

Fortunately, our dating experts have tested, reviewed, and ranked the most popular dating sites out there, so singles can save time by focusing on the best of the best. You can learn a lot about how online dating works and how particular dating platforms work by reading through best-of articles like these. Then it’s up to you to decide which dating site or app can meet you where you’re at in life.

If you’re having trouble deciding, don’t sweat it. You can create a free dating profile on the top three or four dating services to compare the user experience and get a better feel for what they have to offer.

Are Paid Dating Sites Worth It?

That depends on your priorities and budget. If you’re a college student looking for a casual hookup, it’s absolutely not worth paying for an online dating service. Tinder is free and perfectly capable of hooking you up on a Saturday night.

On the other hand, if you’re a single professional seeking love, then a free dating app full of flaky singles may not be enough to satisfy you. It may be worth it to you to upgrade to a premium membership on eharmony so you can connect with more quality people in your age range.

eharmony

• Relationships: Long-Term Relationships, Marriages
• Match System: Get daily match suggestions
• About the App: Responsible for 4% of marriages in the U.S., eharmony is among our top picks for relationship-minded heterosexual singles. To become a member, add the app to your phone (iOS or Android) and then take its 29 Dimensions® of Compatibility Matching Quiz. It's absolutely free to do both these things — as well as receive matches and communicate during other special events.
• Browse Free:View Profiles Now

User Base	Gender Ratio	Popularity (Visits/Mo.)	App Cost
Straight Singles*	48%* 52%*	4.1 Million*	Free Download

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Christianity is the most prevalent religion in the United States. The Public Religion Research Institute's '2020 Census of American Religion', carried out between 2014 and 2020, showed that 70% of Americans identified as Christian during this seven-year interval.^[1] In a 2020 survey by the Pew Research Center, 65% of adults in the United States identified themselves as Christians.^[2] They were 75% in 2015^[3][4] 70.6% in 2014,^[5] 78% in 2012,^[6] 81.6% in 2001,^[7] and 85% in 1990. About 62% of those polled claim to be members of a church congregation.^[8] The United States has the largest Christian population in the world and, more specifically, the largest Protestant population in the world, with nearly 205 million Christians and, as of 2019, over 141 million people affiliated with Protestant churches, although other countries have higher percentages of Christians among their populations. The modern official motto of the United States of America, as established in a 1956 law signed by PresidentDwight D. Eisenhower, is 'In God We Trust'.^[9][10][11] The phrase first appeared on U.S. coins in 1864.^[10]

All Protestant denominations accounted for 48.5% of the population, making Protestantism the most prevalent form of Christianity in the country and the majority religion in general in the United States, while the Catholic Church by itself, at 22.7%, is the largest individual denomination.^[12] The nation's second-largest church and the single largest Protestant denomination is the Southern Baptist Convention.^[13] Among Eastern Christian denominations, there are several Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, with just below 1 million adherents in the US, or 0.4% of the total population.^[14]

Christianity was introduced to the Americas as it was first colonized by Europeans beginning in the 16th and 17th centuries. Immigration further increased Christian numbers. Going forward from its foundation, the United States has been called a Protestant nation by a variety of sources.^{[15][16][17][18]} When the categories of “irreligion” and “unaffiliated” are included as religious categories for statistical purposes, Protestantism is technically no longer the religious category of the majority; however, this is primarily the result of an increase in Americans, such as Americans of Protestant descent, professing no religious affiliation, rather than being the result of an increase in non-Protestant religious affiliations, and Protestantism remains by far the majority or dominant form of religion in the United States among American Christians and those Americans who declare a religion affiliation.^[19] Today, most Christian churches in the United States are either Mainline Protestant, Evangelical Protestant, or Catholic.^[20]

Major denominational families

The map above shows plurality religious denomination by state as of 2014. In 48 out of the 50 states, a Christian Denomination took a plurality of the state's population.
ProtestantismCatholicismMormonismUnaffiliated

Christian denominations in the United States are usually divided into three large groups: Evangelical Protestantism, Mainline Protestantism, and the Catholic Church. There are also Christian denominations that do not fall within either of these groups, such as Eastern Orthodoxy and Oriental Orthodoxy, but they are much smaller.

A 2004 survey of the United States identified the percentages of these groups as 26.3% (Evangelical), 22% (Catholics), and 16% (Mainline Protestant).^[21] In a Statistical Abstract of the United States, based on a 2001 study of the self-described religious identification of the adult population, the percentages for these same groups are 28.6% (Evangelical), 24.5% (Catholics), and 13.9% (Mainline Protestant).^[22]

Protestantism

In typical usage, the term mainline is contrasted with evangelical.

The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA) counts 26,344,933 members of mainline churches versus 39,930,869 members of evangelical Protestant churches.^[23] There is evidence that there has been a shift in membership from mainline denominations to evangelical churches.^[24]

As shown in the table below, some denominations with similar names and historical ties to Evangelical groups are considered Mainline.

Protestant: Mainline vs. Evangelical vs. Traditionally Black Church
Family:	US %[25]	Examples:	Type:	% of population
Baptist	15.4%	Southern Baptist Convention	Evangelical	5.3%
		Independent Baptist, evangelical	Evangelical	2.5%
		American Baptist Churches USA	Mainline	1.5%
		National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.	Black church	1.4%
Nondenominational	6.2%	Nondenominational evangelical	Evangelical	2.0%
		Interdenominational evangelical	Evangelical	0.6%
Methodist	4.6%	United Methodist Church	Mainline	3.6%
		African Methodist Episcopal Church	Black church	0.3%
Pentecostal	4.6%	Assemblies of God	Evangelical	1.4%
		Church of God in Christ	Black church	0.6%
Lutheran	3.5%	Evangelical Lutheran Church in America	Mainline	1.4%
		Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod	Evangelical	1.1%
Presbyterian/ Reformed	2.2%	Presbyterian Church (USA)	Mainline	0.9%
		Presbyterian Church in America	Evangelical	0.4%
Restorationist	1.9%	Church of Christ	Evangelical	1.5%
		Disciples of Christ	Mainline	<0.3%
Anglican	1.3%	Episcopal Church	Mainline	0.9%
		Anglican Church in North America	Evangelical	<0.3%
Holiness	0.8%	Church of the Nazarene	Evangelical	0.3%
Congregational church	0.8%	United Church of Christ	Mainline	0.4%
Adventist	0.6%	Seventh-day Adventist Church	Evangelical	0.5%
Friends (Quakers)	<0.3%	Friends General Conference	Mainline	<0.3%

Evangelical Protestantism

Evangelicalism is a Protestant Christian movement. In typical usage, the term mainline is contrasted with evangelical. Most adherents consider the key characteristics of evangelicalism to be: a belief in the need for personal conversion (or being 'born again'); some expression of the gospel in effort; a high regard for Biblical authority; and an emphasis on the death and resurrection of Jesus.^[26]David Bebbington has termed these four distinctive aspects conversionism,activism, biblicism, and crucicentrism, saying, 'Together they form a quadrilateral of priorities that is the basis of Evangelicalism.'^[27]

Note that the term 'Evangelical' does not equal Fundamentalist Christianity, although the latter is sometimes regarded simply as the most theologically conservative subset of the former. The major differences largely hinge upon views of how to regard and approach scripture ('Theology of Scripture'), as well as construing its broader world-view implications. While most conservative Evangelicals believe the label has broadened too much beyond its more limiting traditional distinctives, this trend is nonetheless strong enough to create significant ambiguity in the term.^[28] As a result, the dichotomy between 'evangelical' vs. 'mainline' denominations is increasingly complex (particularly with such innovations as the 'Emergent Church' movement).

The contemporary North American usage of the term is influenced by the evangelical/fundamentalist controversy of the early 20th century. Evangelicalism may sometimes be perceived as the middle ground between the theological liberalism of the Mainline (Protestant) denominations and the cultural separatism of Fundamentalist Protestantism.^[29] Evangelicalism has therefore been described as 'the third of the leading strands in American Protestantism, straddl[ing] the divide between fundamentalists and liberals.'^[30] While the North American perception is important to understand the usage of the term, it by no means dominates a wider global view, where the fundamentalist debate was not so influential.

Historically, Evangelicals held the view that modernist and liberal parties in the Protestant churches had compromised Christian teachings by accommodating the views and values of the secular world. At the same time, they criticized Fundamentalists for their separatism and rejection of the Social Gospel as it had been developed by Protestant activists during the previous century. They argued that the core Gospel and its message needed to be reasserted to distinguish it from the innovations and traditions of the liberals and fundamentalists.

They sought allies in denominational churches and liturgical traditions, disregarding views of eschatology and other 'non-essentials,' and joined also with Trinitarian varieties of Pentecostalism. They believed that in doing so, they were simply re-acquainting Protestantism with its own recent tradition. The movement's aim at the outset was to reclaim the Evangelical heritage in their respective churches, not to begin something new; and for this reason, following their separation from Fundamentalists, the same movement has been better known merely as 'Evangelicalism.' By the end of the 20th century, this was the most influential development in American Protestant Christianity.^{[citation needed]}

The National Association of Evangelicals is a U.S. agency which coordinates cooperative ministry for its member denominations.

A 2015 global census estimated some 450,000 believers in Christ from a Muslim background in the United States most of whom are evangelicals or Pentecostals.^[31]

Mainline Protestantism

The mainline Protestant Christian denominations are those Protestant denominations that were brought to the United States by its historic immigrant groups; for this reason, they are sometimes referred to as heritage churches.^[32] The largest are the Episcopal (English), Presbyterian (Scottish), Methodist (English and Welsh), and Lutheran (German and Scandinavian) churches.

Mainline Protestantism, including the Episcopalians (76%),^[33] the Presbyterians (64%),^[33] and the United Church of Christ has the highest number of graduate and post-graduate degrees per capita,^[4] of any Christian denomination in the United States,^[34] as well as the most high-income earners.^[35]

Episcopalians and Presbyterians tend to be considerably wealthier^[36] and better educated than most other religious groups in Americans,^[37] and are disproportionately represented in the upper reaches of American business,^[38]law and politics, especially the Republican Party.^[39] Numbers of the most wealthy and affluent American families as the Vanderbilts and Astors, Rockefeller, Du Pont, Roosevelt, Forbes, Whitney, Morgans, and Harrimans are historically Mainline Protestant families.^[36]

According to Scientific Elite: Nobel Laureates in the United States by Harriet Zuckerman, a review of American Nobel prizes winners awarded between 1901 and 1972, 72% of American Nobel Prize Laureates, have identified from a Protestant background.^[40] Overall, 84.2% of all the Nobel Prizes awarded to Americans in Chemistry,^[40] 60% in Medicine,^[40] and 58.6% in Physics^[40] between 1901 and 1972 were won by Protestants.

Some of the first colleges and universities in America, including Harvard,^[41]Yale,^[42]Princeton,^[43]Columbia,^[44]Dartmouth, Williams, Bowdoin, Middlebury, and Amherst, all were founded by the Mainline Protestants, as were later Carleton, Duke,^[45]Oberlin, Beloit, Pomona, Rollins and Colorado College.

Many mainline denominations teach that the Bible is God's word in function, but tend to be open to new ideas and societal changes.^[46] They have been increasingly open to the ordination of women.

Mainline churches tend to belong to organizations such as the National Council of Churches and World Council of Churches.

The seven largest U.S. mainline Protestant denominations were called by William Hutchison the 'Seven Sisters of American Protestantism'^[47][48] in reference to the major liberal groups during the period between 1900 and 1960.

These include:

• United Methodist Church: 6,487,300 members (2019)^[49]
• Evangelical Lutheran Church in America: 3,265,581 members (2019)^[50]
• Episcopal Church in the United States of America: 1,637,945 active baptized members (2019)^[51]
• Presbyterian Church (USA): 1,245,354 active members (2020)^[52]
• American Baptist Churches in the USA: 1,145,647 members (2017)^[53]
• United Church of Christ: 802,256 members (2019)^[54]
• Christian Church (Disciples of Christ): 382,248 (2018)^[55]

The Association of Religion Data Archives also considers these denominations to be mainline:^[23]

• Reformed Church in America: 194,064 members (2019)^[56]
• Religious Society of Friends (Quakers): 108,500 members
• International Council of Community Churches: 68,300 members (2010)^[57]
• National Association of Congregational Christian Churches: 65,569 members (2000)^[58]
• North American Baptist Conference: 47,150 members (2006)^[59]
• Moravian Church in America, Southern Province: 21,513 members (1991)^[60]
• Moravian Church in America, Northern Province: 20,220 members (2010)^[61]
• Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches: 15,666 members (2006)^[62]
• Latvian Evangelical Lutheran Church in America: 12,000 members (2007)
• Congregational Christian Churches (not part of any national CCC body)
• Moravian Church in America, Alaska Province

One Hundred Percent Christian Dating In The Usa Free

The Association of Religion Data Archives has difficulties collecting data on traditionally African American denominations. Those churches most likely to be identified as mainline include these Methodist groups:

Catholic Church

The Catholic Church arrived in what is now the continental United States during the earliest days of the European colonization of the Americas. It secured and established itself formally as early as 1565, with the establishment of the first Catholic parish of the United States at St. Augustine, Florida. It spread in the 1600s through missionaries including Jesuit missionaries like Eusebio Kino, Jacques Marquette, Isaac Jogues and Andrew White (Jesuit).^[63][64] At the time the country was founded (meaning the Thirteen Colonies in 1776, along the Atlantic seaboard), only a small fraction of the population there were Catholic, mostly in Maryland, a 'Catholic Proprietary,' established in 1634 by the second Lord Baltimore, Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore;^[65] however, as a result of expansion in former French, Spanish and Mexican (i.e., purchase of Louisiana Territory, of Florida, the acquisition of territory after the Mexican–American War) territories, and immigration over the country's history, the number of adherents has grown dramatically and it is now the largest denomination in the United States today. With over 67 million registered residents professing the faith in 2008, the United States has the fourth largest Catholic population in the world after Brazil, Mexico, and the Philippines, respectively.

The Church's leadership body in the United States is the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, made up of the hierarchy of bishops and archbishops of the United States and the U.S. Virgin Islands, although each bishop is independent in his own diocese, answerable only to the Pope.

No primate for Catholics exists in the United States. The Archdiocese of Baltimore has Prerogative of Place, which confers to its archbishop a subset of the leadership responsibilities granted to primates in other countries, possibly because at the time it was created an archdiocese (and metropolitan see) in 1808, four newly created dioceses (Boston, New York, Bardstown [KY], and Philadelphia) were subject to it.^[66] In addition, the 'principal determining elements in the character of American Catholicism' seemed to coalesce under the leadership of Archbishop John Carroll of Baltimore (the first bishop of the United States, consecrated in London, 1790)^[67] and his native Maryland Catholics, descendants of the original Catholic families of Maryland's Catholic Proprietary.^[68] In this regard, Baltimore had, among other things, a 'prerogative of place,' both historically and culturally, in the American Catholic mind and in Rome. This would change, of course, with immigration and the acquisition of new territories that currently make up continental U.S. It is important to note, however, the openness of Carroll to the American experiment. As early as 1784, he 'wholeheartedly' affirmed the pattern of church-state relations then emerging in the new country, later to be incorporated into the Constitution. He also praised the promise which civil and religious liberty held out for all denominations, noting in an address to Catholics (Annapolis, MD), that 'if we have the wisdom and temper to preserve, America may come to exhibit a proof to the world, that general and equal toleration, by giving a free circulation to fair argument, is the most effectual method to bring all denominations of Christians to a unity of faith.'^[69]

The number of Catholics grew from the early 19th century through immigration and the acquisition of the predominantly Catholic former possessions of France, Spain, and Mexico, followed in the mid-19th century by a rapid influx of Irish, German, Italian and Polish immigrants from Europe, making Catholicism the largest Christian denomination in the United States. This increase was met by widespread prejudice and hostility, often resulting in riots and the burning of churches, convents, and seminaries.^[70] The integration of Catholics into American society was marked by the election of John F. Kennedy as President in 1960. Since then, the percentage of Americans who are Catholic has remained at around 25%.^[71]

According to the Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities in 2011, there are approximately 230 Roman Catholic universities and colleges in the United States with nearly 1 million students and some 65,000 professors.^[72] 12 Catholic universities are listed among the top 100 national universities in the US.^[73]Catholic schools educate 2.7 million students in the United States, employing 150,000 teachers. In 2002, Catholic health care systems, overseeing 625 hospitals with a combined revenue of 30 billion dollars, comprised the nation's largest group of nonprofit systems.^[74] Owing to its size, more Catholics hold college degrees (26% of all US Catholics) and earn over $100,000 per year (19% of all US Catholics) than do members of any other US denomination.^[75]

Eastern Orthodox Christianity

Groups of immigrants from several different regions, mainly Eastern Europe and the Middle East, brought Eastern Orthodoxy to the United States.^[76] This traditional branch of Eastern Christianity has since spread beyond the boundaries of ethnic immigrant communities and now include multi-ethnic membership and parishes. There are several Eastern Orthodox ecclesiastical jurisdictions in the US, organized within the Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America.^[77] Statistically, Eastern Orthodox Christians are among the wealthiest Christian denominations in the United States,^[35] and they also tend to be better educated than most other religious groups in America, in the sense that they have a high number of graduate (68%) and post-graduate degrees (28%) per capita.^[34]

Oriental Orthodox Christianity

Several groups of Christian immigrants, mainly from the Middle East, Caucasus, Africa and India, brought Oriental Orthodoxy to the United States.^[78] This ancient branch of Eastern Christianity includes several ecclesiastical jurisdictions in the US, like Armenian Apostolic Church in the United States,^[79] and Coptic Orthodox Church in the United States.^[80] There are also dioceses of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church,Eritrean Orthodox Church, and Syriac Orthodox Church,^[81] including Malankara Archdiocese of North America. Also, there are dioceses of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church and the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church in the USA (Malankara Orthodox Diocese of Northeast America and Malankara Orthodox Diocese of Southwest America).

Latter Day Saint movement

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) is a nontrinitarianrestorationist denomination. The church is headquartered in Salt Lake City, and is the largest originating from the Latter Day Saint movement which was founded by Joseph Smith in Upstate New York in 1830. It forms the majority in Utah, the plurality in Idaho, and high percentages in Nevada, Arizona, and Wyoming; in addition to sizable numbers in Colorado, Montana, Washington, Oregon, Alaska, Hawaii and California. Current membership in the U.S. is 6.7 million^[82] and total membership is 16.7 million worldwide.^[83]

In 2021, around 12–13% of Latter Day Saints lived in Utah, the center of cultural influence for Mormonism.^[84] Utah Latter Day Saints (as well as Latter Day Saints living in the Intermountain West) are on average more culturally and politically conservative and Libertarian than those living in some cosmopolitan centers elsewhere in the U.S.^[85] Utahns self-identifying as Latter Day Saints also attend church somewhat more on average than Latter Day Saints living in other states. (Nonetheless, whether they live in Utah or elsewhere in the U.S., Latter Day Saints tend to be more culturally and politically conservative than members of other U.S. religious groups.)^[86] Utah Latter Day Saints often place a greater emphasis on pioneer heritage than international Latter Day Saints who generally are not descendants of the Mormon pioneers.^[87]

The Community of Christ (formerly the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints) is a trinitarian restorationist denomination based in Independence, Missouri, at the theologically significant Temple Lot. Community of Christ is the second largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement with 130,000 members in the United States and 250,000 worldwide (See Community of Christ membership statistics). The church owns many of the early Latter Day Saint historic sites, including the Kirtland Temple, near Cleveland, Ohio, and the Joseph Smith properties in Nauvoo, Illinois. The Community of Christ has taken an ecumenical and progressive approach recent years including joining the National Council of Churches, ordaining women to the church's priesthood since 1984, and more recently approving the blessing of same-sex marriages.

Small churches within the Latter-day Saint movement include Church of Christ (Temple Lot), Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Restoration Branches, and Remnant Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.

History

Christianity was introduced during the period of European colonization. The Spanish and French brought Catholicism to the colonies of New Spain and New France respectively, while British and Germans introduced Protestantism. Among Protestants, adherents to Anglicanism, the Baptist Church, Congregationalism, Presbyterianism, Lutheranism, Quakerism, Mennonite and Moravian Church were the first to settle in the American colonies.

Early colonial period

The Dutch founded the colony of New Netherland in 1624;^[88] they established the Dutch Reformed Church as the colony's official religion in 1628.^[89] When Sweden established New Sweden in the Delaware River Valley in 1638, Church of Sweden was the colony's religion.

Spanish colonies

Spain established missions and towns in what are now Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Florida, and California. Many cities and towns still retain the names of the Catholic saints these missions were named for; an excellent example of this is the full legal name of the city of Los Angeles: El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora Reina de Los Ángeles del Río Porciúncula, or The Town of Our Lady, Queen of the Angels of the Porciuncula River. The city was founded by Franciscan friars, who named their tiny church and later the town that formed around it after the Virgin Mary, also known to Catholics as Our Lady, Queen of the Angels. Similar patterns emerged wherever the Spanish went, such as San Antonio, Texas (named for Anthony of Padua), Santa Fe, New Mexico (named after Francis of Assisi,) and Saint Augustine, Florida (named for Augustine of Hippo), as was Saint Lucy County and Port Saint Lucy in Florida named for Saint Lucy/Santa Lucia although Saint Petersburg, Florida was not named for St. Peter, but for the city of the same name in Russia.

Conversion of Native Americans to Catholicism was a main goal of the Catholic missionaries, especially the Jesuits. This was common in places where French influence was strong, like Detroit or Louisiana. However, Christianity is also implicated in the deaths of one third of the indigenous population of California.^[90]

British colonies

Many of the British North American colonies that eventually formed the United States of America were settled in the 17th century by men and women, who, in the face of European religious persecution, refused to compromise passionately-held religious convictions and fled Europe.

Virginia

An Anglican chaplain was among the first group of English colonists, arriving in 1607. The Church of England was legally established in the colony in 1619; with a total of 22 Anglican clergymen having arrived by 1624. In practice, 'establishment' meant that local taxes were funneled through the local parish to handle the needs of local government, such as roads and poor relief, in addition to the salary of the minister. There never was a bishop in colonial Virginia; the local vestry consisted of laymen controlled the parish.^[91] The colonists were typically inattentive, uninterested, and bored during church services, according to the ministers, who complained that the people were sleeping, whispering, ogling the fashionably dressed women, walking about and coming and going, or at best looking out the windows or staring blankly into space.^[92] There were too few ministers for the widely scattered population, so ministers encouraged parishioners to become devout at home, using the Book of Common Prayer for private prayer and devotion (rather than the Bible). The stress on personal piety opened the way for the First Great Awakening, which pulled people away from the established church and into the unauthorized Baptist and Methodist movements.^[93]

New England

A group which later became known as the Pilgrims settled the Plymouth Colony in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620, seeking refuge from persecution in Europe.

The Puritans, a much larger group than the Pilgrims, established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629 with 400 settlers. Puritans were English Protestants who wished to reform and purify the Church of England in the New World of what they considered to be unacceptable residues of Catholicism. Within two years, an additional 2,000 settlers arrived. From 1620 to 1640 Puritans emigrated to New England from England to escape persecution and gain the liberty to worship as they chose independently of the Church of England, England being on the verge of the English Civil War. Most settled in New England, but some went as far as the West Indies. Theologically, the Puritans were 'non-separating Congregationalists.' The Puritans created a deeply religious, socially tight-knit and politically innovative culture that is still present in the modern United States. They hoped this new land would serve as a 'redeemer nation.'^[94]

Christianity's expansion had consequences for the indigenous people of the U.S. , dating back to King Philip's War, 1675-76. From the pulpits of New England's Puritan divines came 'an unvarying message' of the 'evil native genius' that needed to be dealt with.^[95]

Tolerance in Rhode Island and Pennsylvania

Roger Williams, who preached religious tolerance, separation of church and state, and a complete break with the Church of England, was banished from Massachusetts and founded Rhode Island Colony, which became a haven for other religious refugees from the Puritan community. Some migrants who came to Colonial America were in search of the freedom to practice forms of Christianity which were prohibited and persecuted in Europe. Since there was no state religion, and since Protestantism had no central authority, religious practice in the colonies became diverse.

The Quakers formed in England in 1652, where they were severely persecuted in England for daring to deviate so far from orthodox Anglican Christianity. Many sought refuge in New Jersey, Rhode Island and especially Pennsylvania, which was owned by William Penn, a rich Quaker. The Quakers kept political control until Indian wars broke out; the Quakers were pacifists and gave up control to groups that were eager to fight the Indians.^[96]

Beginning in 1683 many German-speaking immigrants arrived in Pennsylvania from the Rhine Valley and Switzerland. Starting in the 1730s Count Zinzendorf and the Moravian Brethren sought to minister to these immigrants while they also began missions among the Native American tribes of New York and Pennsylvania. Heinrich Melchior Muehlenberg organized the first Lutheran Synod in Pennsylvania in the 1740s.^[97]

Maryland

In the English colonies, Catholicism was introduced with the settling of Maryland. Catholic fortunes fluctuated in Maryland during the rest of the 17th century, as they became an increasingly smaller minority of the population. After the Glorious Revolution of 1689 in England, penal laws deprived Catholics of the right to vote, hold office, educate their children or worship publicly. Until the American Revolution, Catholics in Maryland, like Charles Carroll of Carrollton, were dissenters in their own country but keeping loyal to their convictions. At the time of the Revolution, Catholics formed less than 1% of the population of the thirteen colonies, in 2007, Catholics comprised 24% of US population.

Great Awakening

Evangelicalism is difficult to date and to define. Scholars have argued that, as a self-conscious movement, evangelicalism did not arise until the mid-17th century, perhaps not until the Great Awakening itself. The fundamental premise of evangelicalism is the conversion of individuals from a state of sin to a 'new birth' through the preaching of the Word. The Great Awakening refers to a northeastern Protestant revival movement that took place in the 1730s and 1740s.

The first generation of New England Puritans required that church members undergo a conversion experience that they could describe publicly. Their successors were not as successful in reaping harvests of redeemed souls. The movement began with Jonathan Edwards, a Massachusetts preacher who sought to return to the Pilgrims' strict Calvinist roots. British preacher George Whitefield and other itinerant preachers continued the movement, traveling across the colonies and preaching in a dramatic and emotional style. Followers of Edwards and other preachers of similar religiosity called themselves the 'New Lights,' as contrasted with the 'Old Lights,' who disapproved of their movement. To promote their viewpoints, the two sides established academies and colleges, including Princeton and Williams College. The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event.

The supporters of the Awakening and its evangelical thrust—Presbyterians, Baptists, and Methodists—became the largest American Protestant denominations by the first decades of the 19th century. By the 1770s, the Baptists were growing rapidly both in the north (where they founded Brown University), and in the South. Opponents of the Awakening or those split by it—Anglicans, Quakers, and Congregationalists—were left behind.

The First Great Awakening of the 1740s increased religiosity in most of the colonies. By 1780 the percentage of adult colonists who formally held membership in a church was between 10-30%. North Carolina had the lowest percentage at about 4%, while New Hampshire and South Carolina were tied for the highest, at about 16%. Many others informally associated with the churches.^[98]

American Revolution

The Revolution split some denominations, notably the Church of England, most of whose ministers supported the king. The Quakers and some German sects were pacifists and remained neutral. Religious practice suffered in certain places because of the absence of ministers and the destruction of churches, but in other areas, religion flourished.

Badly hurt, the Anglicans reorganized after the war. It became the Protestant Episcopal Church.^[99]

In 1794, the Russian Orthodox missionary St. Herman of Alaska arrived on Kodiak island in Alaska and began significantly evangelizing the native peoples. Nearly all Russians left in 1867 when the U.S. purchased Alaska, but the Eastern Orthodox faith remained.

Lambert (2003) has examined the religious affiliations and beliefs of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Of the 55 delegates to the 1787 Constitutional Convention, 49 were Protestants, and two were Catholics (D. Carroll, and Fitzsimons).^[100] Among the Protestant delegates to the Constitutional Convention, 28 were Church of England (or Episcopalian, after the American Revolutionary War was won), eight were Presbyterians, seven were Congregationalists, two were Lutherans, two were Dutch Reformed, and two were Methodists.^[100]

Church and state debate

After independence, the American states were obliged to write constitutions establishing how each would be governed. For three years, from 1778 to 1780, the political energies of Massachusetts were absorbed in drafting a charter of government that the voters would accept. One of the most contentious issues was whether the state would support the church financially. Advocating such a policy were the ministers and most members of the Congregational Church, which received public financial support, during the colonial period. The Baptists tenaciously adhered to their ancient conviction that churches should receive no support from the state^{[citation needed]}. The Constitutional Convention chose to support the church and Article Three authorized a general religious tax to be directed to the church of a taxpayers' choice.

Such tax laws also took effect in Connecticut and New Hampshire.

19th century

Separation of church and state

In October 1801, members of the Danbury Baptists Associations wrote a letter to the new President-elect Thomas Jefferson. Baptists, being a minority in Connecticut, were still required to pay fees to support the Congregationalist majority. The Baptists found this intolerable. The Baptists, well aware of Jefferson's own unorthodox beliefs, sought him as an ally in making all religious expression a fundamental human right and not a matter of government largesse.

In his January 1, 1802, reply to the Danbury Baptist Association Jefferson summed up the First Amendment's original intent, and used for the first time anywhere a now-familiar phrase in today's political and judicial circles: the amendment, he wrote, established a 'wall of separation between church and state.' Largely unknown in its day, this phrase has since become a major Constitutional issue. The first time the U.S. Supreme Court cited that phrase from Jefferson was in 1878, 76 years later.

Second Great Awakening

The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant movement that began around 1790, gained momentum by 1800, and after 1820 membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations whose preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the 1840s. It was a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rational Christianity, and was especially attractive to young women.^[101] Millions of new members enrolled in existing evangelical denominations and led to the formation of new denominations. Many converts believed that the Awakening heralded a new millennial age. The Second Great Awakening stimulated the establishment of many reform movements designed to remedy the evils of society before the anticipated Second Coming of Jesus Christ.^[102] The network of voluntary reform societies inspired by the Awakening was called the Benevolent Empire.^[103]

During the Second Great Awakening, new Protestant denominations emerged such as Adventism, the Restoration Movement, and groups such as Jehovah's Witnesses and Mormonism. While the First Great Awakening was centered on reviving the spirituality of established congregations, the Second focused on the unchurched and sought to instill in them a deep sense of personal salvation as experienced in revival meetings.

The principal innovation produced by the revivals was the camp meeting. When assembled in a field or at the edge of a forest for a prolonged religious meeting, the participants transformed the site into a camp meeting. Singing and preaching were the main activities for several days. The revivals were often intense and created intense emotions. Some fell away but many if not most became permanent church members. The Methodists and Baptists made them one of the evangelical signatures of the denomination.^[104]

African American churches

The Christianity of the black population was grounded in evangelicalism. The Second Great Awakening has been called the 'central and defining event in the development of Afro-Christianity.' During these revivals Baptists and Methodists converted large numbers of blacks. However, many were disappointed at the treatment they received from their fellow believers and at the backsliding in the commitment to abolish slavery that many white Baptists and Methodists had advocated immediately after the American Revolution.

When their discontent could not be contained, forceful black leaders followed what was becoming an American habit—they formed new denominations. In 1787, Richard Allen and his colleagues in Philadelphia broke away from the Methodist Church and in 1815 founded the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church.

After the Civil War, Black Baptists desiring to practice Christianity away from racial discrimination, rapidly set up several separate state Baptist conventions. In 1866, black Baptists of the South and West combined to form the Consolidated American Baptist Convention. This convention eventually collapsed but three national conventions formed in response. In 1895 the three conventions merged to create the National Baptist Convention. It is now the largest African-American religious organization in the United States.

Liberal Christianity

The 'secularization of society' is attributed to the time of the Enlightenment. In the United States, religious observance is much higher than in Europe, and the United States' culture leans conservative in comparison to other western nations, in part due to the Christian element.

Liberal Christianity, exemplified by some theologians, sought to bring to churches new critical approaches to the Bible. Sometimes called 'liberal theology', liberal Christianity is an umbrella term covering movements and ideas within 19th- and 20th-century Christianity. New attitudes became evident, and the practice of questioning the nearly universally accepted Christian orthodoxy began to come to the forefront.

In the post–World War I era, liberalism was the faster-growing sector of the American church. Liberal wings of denominations were on the rise, and a considerable number of seminaries held and taught from a liberal perspective as well. In the post–World War II era, the trend began to swing back towards the conservative camp in America's seminaries and church structures.

Catholic Church

By 1850 Catholics had become the country's largest single denomination. Between 1860 and 1890 the population of Catholics in the United States tripled through immigration; by the end of the decade, it would reach seven million. These huge numbers of immigrant Catholics came from Ireland, Quebec, Southern Germany, Italy, Poland and Eastern Europe. This influx would eventually bring increased political power for the Catholic Church and a greater cultural presence led at the same time to a growing fear of the Catholic 'menace'. As the 19th century wore on, animosity waned; Protestant Americans realized that Catholics were not trying to seize control of the government.

Fundamentalism

Protestant fundamentalism began as a movement in the late 19th century and early 20th century to reject influences of secular humanism and source criticism in modern Christianity. In reaction to liberal Protestant groups that denied doctrines considered fundamental to these conservative groups, they sought to establish tenets necessary to maintaining a Christian identity, the 'fundamentals,' hence the term fundamentalist.

Over time, the movement divided, with the label Fundamentalist being retained by the smaller and more hard-line group(s). Evangelical has become the main identifier of the groups holding to the movement's moderate and earliest ideas.

20th century

Evangelicalism

In the U.S. and elsewhere in the world, there has been a marked rise in the evangelical wing of Protestant denominations, especially those that are more exclusively evangelical, and a corresponding decline in the mainstream liberal churches.

The 1950s saw a boom in the Evangelical church in America. The post–World War II prosperity experienced in the U.S. also had its effects on the church. Church buildings were erected in large numbers, and the Evangelical church's activities grew along with this expansive physical growth. In the southern U.S., the Evangelicals, represented by leaders such as Billy Graham, have experienced a notable surge displacing the caricature of the pulpit pounding country preachers of fundamentalism.^{[citation needed]} The stereotypes have gradually shifted.

Although the Evangelical community worldwide is diverse, the ties that bind all Evangelicals are still apparent: a 'high view' of Scripture, belief in the Deity of Christ, the Trinity, salvation by grace through faith, and the bodily resurrection of Christ.

National associations

The Federal Council of Churches, founded in 1908, marked the first major expression of a growing modern ecumenical movement among Christians in the United States. It was active in pressing for reform of public and private policies, particularly as they impacted the lives of those living in poverty, and developed a comprehensive and widely debated Social Creed which served as a humanitarian 'bill of rights' for those seeking improvements in American life.

In 1950, the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA (usually identified as National Council of Churches, or NCC) represented a dramatic expansion in the development of ecumenical cooperation. It was a merger of the Federal Council of Churches, the International Council of Religious Education, and several other interchurch ministries. Today, the NCC is a joint venture of 35 Christian denominations in the United States with 100,000 local congregations and 45,000,000 adherents. Its member communions include Mainline Protestant, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, African-American, Evangelical and historic Peace churches. The NCC took a prominent role in the Civil Rights Movement and fostered the publication of the widely used Revised Standard Version of the Bible, followed by an updated New Revised Standard Version, the first translation to benefit from the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls. The organization is headquartered in New York City, with a public policy office in Washington, DC. The NCC is related fraternally to hundreds of local and regional councils of churches, to other national councils across the globe, and to the World Council of Churches. All of these bodies are independently governed.

Carl McIntire led in organizing the American Council of Christian Churches (ACCC), now with 7 member bodies, in September 1941. It was a more militant and fundamentalist organization set up in opposition to what became the National Council of Churches.

The National Association of Evangelicals for United Action was formed in St. Louis, Missouri on April 7–9, 1942. It soon shortened its name to the National Association of Evangelicals (NEA). There are currently 60 denominations with about 45,000 churches in the organization. The NEA is related fraternally the World Evangelical Fellowship.

In 2006, 39 communions and 7 Christian organizations officially launched Christian Churches Together in the USA (CCT). CCT provides a space that is inclusive of the diversity of Christian traditions in the United States—Evangelical/Pentecostal, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Catholic, historic Protestant, and historic Black churches. CCT is characterized by its emphasis on relationships and prayer. Every year these communions and organizations meet over four days to discuss critical social issues, pray and strengthen their relationships.^[105]

Pentecostalism

Another noteworthy development in 20th-century Christianity was the rise of the modern Pentecostal movement. Pentecostalism, which had its roots in the Pietism and the Holiness movement, many will cite that it arose out of the meetings in 1906 at an urban mission on Azusa Street in Los Angeles, but it actually started in 1900 in Topeka, Kansas with a group led by Charles Parham and the Bethel Bible School. From there it spread by those who experienced what they believed to be miraculous moves of God there.

Pentecostalism would later birth the Charismatic movement within already established denominations, and it continues to be an important force in Western Christianity.

Catholic Church

By the beginning of the 20th century, approximately one-sixth of the population of the United States was Catholic. Modern Catholic immigrants come to the United States from the Philippines, Poland, and Latin America, especially from Mexico. This multiculturalism and diversity have greatly impacted the flavor of Catholicism in the United States. For example, many dioceses serve in both the English language and the Spanish language.

21st century

Youth programs

While children and youth in the colonial era were treated as small adults, awareness of their special status and needs grew in the nineteenth century, as one after another the denominations large and small began special programs for their young people. Protestant theologian Horace Bushnell in Christian Nurture (1847) emphasized the necessity of identifying and supporting the religiosity of children and young adults. Beginning in the 1790s the Protestant denominations set up Sunday school programs. They provided a major source of new members.^[106] Urban Protestant churchmen set up the interdenominational YMCA (and later the YWCA) programs in cities from the 1850s.^[107] Methodists looked on their youth as potential political activists, providing them with opportunities to engage in social justice movements such as prohibition. Black Protestants, especially after they could form their own separate churches, integrated their young people directly into the larger religious community. Their youth played a major role in the leadership of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and the 1960s. White evangelicals in the twentieth century set up Bible clubs for teenagers and experimented with the use of music to attract young people. The Catholics set up an entire network of parochial schools, and by the late nineteenth century probably more than half of their young members were attending elementary schools run by local parishes.^[108] Some Missouri Synod German Lutherans and Dutch Reformed churches also set up parochial schools. In the twentieth century, all the denominations sponsored programs such as the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts.^[109]

Demographics

Christian Speed Dating

Demographics by state

<30%	<40%	<50%	>50%
Catholic
Baptist
Methodist
Lutheran
Latter-day Saints
No religion

Beliefs and attitudes

The Baylor University Institute for Studies of Religion conducted a survey covering various aspects of American religious life.^[111] The researchers analyzing the survey results have categorized the responses into what they call the 'four Gods': An authoritarian God (31%), a benevolent God (25%), a distant God (23%), and a critical God (16%).^[111] A major implication to emerge from this survey is that 'the type of god people believe in can predict their political and moral attitudes more so than just looking at their religious tradition.'^[111]

As far as religious tradition, the survey determined that 33.6% of respondents are evangelical Protestants, while 10.8% had no religious affiliation at all. Out of those without affiliation, 62.9% still indicated that they 'believe in God or some higher power'.^[111]

Another study, conducted by Christianity Today with Leadership magazine, attempted to understand the range and differences among American Christians. A national attitudinal and behavioral survey found that their beliefs and practices clustered into five distinct segments. Spiritual growth for two large segments of Christians may be occurring in non-traditional ways. Instead of attending church on Sunday mornings, many opt for personal, individual ways to stretch themselves spiritually.^[112]

• 19 percent of American Christians are described by the researchers as Active Christians. They believe salvation comes through Jesus Christ, attend church regularly, are Bible readers, invest in personal faith development through their church, accept leadership positions in their church, and believe they are obligated to 'share [their] faith', that is, to evangelize others.
• 20 percent are referred to as Professing Christians. They are also committed to 'accepting Christ as Savior and Lord' as the key to being a Christian, but focus more on personal relationships with God and Jesus than on church, Bible reading or evangelizing.
• 16 percent fall into a category named Liturgical Christians. They are predominantly Lutheran, Catholic, Episcopalian, Eastern Orthodox or Oriental Orthodox. They are regular churchgoers, have a high level of spiritual activity and recognize the authority of the church.
• 24 percent are considered Private Christians. They own a Bible but do not tend to read it. Only about one-third attend church at all. They believe in God and in doing good things, but not necessarily within a church context. This was the largest and youngest segment. Almost none are church leaders.
• 21 percent in the research are called Cultural Christians. These do not view Jesus as essential to salvation. They exhibit little outward religious behavior or attitudes. They favor a universality theology that sees many ways to God. Yet, they clearly consider themselves to be Christians.

Church attendance

Gallup International indicates that 41%^[113] of American citizens report they regularly attend religious services, compared to 15% of French citizens, 10% of British citizens,^[114] and 7.5% of Australian citizens.^[115]

The Bible Belt is an informal term for a region in the Southern United States in which socially conservative evangelical Protestantism is a significant part of the culture and Christian church attendance across the denominations is generally higher than the nation's average. By contrast, religion plays the least important role in New England and in the Western United States.^[116]

By state

Percent of Americans who report attending religious services at least weekly in 2014.

Church attendance varies significantly by state and region. In a 2014 Gallup survey, less than half of Americans said that they attended church or synagogue weekly. The figures ranged from 51% in Utah to 17% in Vermont.^[117]

Weekly church attendance by state^[117]

Rank	State	Percent
1	Utah	51%
2	Mississippi	47%
3	Alabama	46%
4	Louisiana	46%
5	Arkansas	45%
6	South Carolina	42%
7	Tennessee	42%
8	Kentucky	41%
9	North Carolina	40%
10	Georgia	39%
11	Oklahoma	39%
12	Texas	39%
13	New Mexico	36%
14	Delaware	35%
15	Indiana	35%
16	Missouri	35%
17	Nebraska	35%
18	Virginia	35%
19	Idaho	34%
20	West Virginia	34%
21	Arizona	33%
22	Kansas	33%
23	Florida	32%
24	Illinois	32%
25	Iowa	32%
26	Michigan	32%
27	North Dakota	32%
28	Ohio	32%
29	Pennsylvania	32%
30	Maryland	31%
31	Minnesota	31%
32	South Dakota	31%
33	New Jersey	30%
34	Wisconsin	29%
35	California	28%
36	Rhode Island	28%
37	Wyoming	28%
38	Montana	27%
39	Nevada	27%
40	New York	27%
41	Alaska	26%
42	Colorado	25%
43	Connecticut	25%
44	Hawaii	25%
45	Oregon	24%
46	Washington	24%
—	District of Columbia	23%
47	Massachusetts	22%
48	Maine	20%
49	New Hampshire	20%
50	Vermont	17%

U.S. territories

Below is the percent of population that are Christians in the U.S. territories in 2015.^[118]

Territory	Percent Christian
American Samoa	87.4%
Guam	91.1%
Northern Mariana Islands	81.1%
Puerto Rico	91.2%
U.S. Virgin Islands	81.8%

Race

Data from the Pew Research Center show that as of 2008, the majority of White Americans were Christian, and about 51% of the White American were Protestant, and 26% were Catholic.

The most methodologically rigorous study of Hispanic and Latino Americans religious affiliation to date was the Hispanic Churches in American Public Life (HCAPL) National Survey, conducted between August and October 2000. This survey found that 70% of all Hispanic and Latino Americans are Catholic, 20% are Protestant, 3% are 'alternative Christians' (such as Mormon or Jehovah's Witnesses).^[119] According to a Public Religion Research Institute study in 2017, the majority of Hispanic and Latino Americans are Christians (76%),^[120] and about 11% of Americans identify as Hispanic or Latino Christian.^[120]

The majority of African Americans are Protestant (78%), many of whom follow the historically black churches.^[121][122] A 2012 Pew Research Center study found that 42% of Asian Americans identify themselves as Christians.^[123]

Ethnicity

Beginning around 1600, Northern European settlers introduced Anglican and Puritan religion, as well as Baptist, Presbyterian, Lutheran, Quaker, and Moravian denominations.^[124]

Beginning in the 16th century, the Spanish (and later the French and English) introduced Catholicism. From the 19th century to the present, Catholics came to the US in large numbers due to the immigration of Irish, Germans, Italians, Hispanics, Portuguese, French, Polish, Highland Scots, Dutch, Flemish, Hungarians, Lebanese (Maronite), and other ethnic groups.

Most of the Eastern Orthodox adherents in the United States are descended from immigrants of Eastern European or Middle Eastern background, especially from Greek, Russian, Ukrainian, Arab, Bulgarian, Romanian, or Serbian backgrounds.^[76][125]

Most of the Oriental Orthodox adherents in the United States are from Armenian, Coptic-Egyptian and Ethiopian-Eritrean backgrounds.

Along with the Ethiopian-Eritrean Christians also came the P'ent'ay Evangelical Churches, a part of Evangelicalism that maintains the Eastern Christian Calendar and other cultural traditions. ^[78]

Most of the traditional Church of the East adherents in the United States are ethnically Assyrian.^[126]

Data from the Pew Research Center show that as of 2013, there were about 1.6 million Christians from Jewish background, most of them Protestant.^{[127][128][129]} According to the same data, most of the Christians of Jewish descent were raised as Jews or are Jews by ancestry.^[128]

Conversion

A study from 2015 estimated some 450,000 American Muslims who had converted to Christianity, most of whom belong to an evangelical or Pentecostal community.^[31] In 2010 there were approximately 180,000 Arab-Americans and about 130,000 Iranian Americans who converted from Islam to Christianity. Dudley Woodbury, a Fulbright scholar of Islam, estimates that 20,000 Muslims convert to Christianity annually in the United States.^[130] Many Druze immigrants to the United States converted to Protestantism, becoming communicants of the Presbyterian or Methodist Churches.^[131][132]

It's been also reported that conversion into Christianity is significantly increasing among Korean Americans,^[133]Chinese Americans,^[134] and Japanese Americans.^[135] By 2012, the percentage of Christians within the mentioned communities was 71%,^[136] more than 30%^[137] and 37%.^[138]

Messianic Judaism (or Messianic Movement) is the name of a Protestant movement comprising a number of streams, whose members may consider themselves Jewish.^[139] It blends elements of religious Jewish practice with evangelical Protestantism. Messianic Judaism affirms Christian creeds such as the messiahship and divinity of 'Yeshua' (the Hebrew name of Jesus) and the Triune Nature of God, while also adhering to some Jewish dietary laws and customs. As of 2012, population estimates for the United States were between 175,000 and 250,000 members.^[140]

Self-reported membership statistics

This table lists total membership and number of congregations in the United States for religious bodies with more than 1 million members. Numbers are from reports on the official web sites, which can vary widely based on information source and membership definition.

Self-reported U.S. church denomination membership

Denomination	Membership	Congregations	Headquarters
Catholic Church	71,000,000[141][142]	17,156[143]	Washington, D.C. (United States Conference of Catholic Bishops)
Southern Baptist Convention	14,525,579[144]	47,530[144]	There is no centralized headquarters for the entire SBC. Various entities are headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee, Alpharetta, Georgia, and Richmond, Virginia.
National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.	8,415,100[145]	21,145	Montgomery, Alabama
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints	6,721,032[146]	14,459[82]	Salt Lake City, Utah
United Methodist Church	6,671,825[147]	31,609[147]	Without fixed seat. The temporary headquarters is the city where the General Conference takes place, with the event taking place only every 4 years.
Church of God in Christ	5,499,875[148][149]	12,000[150]	Memphis, Tennessee
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America	3,363,281[151]	9,091[151]	Chicago, Illinois
National Baptist Convention of America, Inc.	3,106,000	12,336[152]	Louisville, Kentucky
African Methodist Episcopal Church	2,510,000	7,000[153]	Nashville, Tennessee
Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod	1,968,641	6,046[154]	Kirkwood, Missouri
Assemblies of God USA	1,818,941[155]	13,023[156]	Springfield, Missouri
Baptist General Convention of Texas	1,669,245	4,242[157]	Dallas, Texas
Episcopal Church (United States)	1,637,945	6,393[158]	New York, New York
Progressive National Baptist Convention	1,500,000[159]	1,200	Washington, D.C.
Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America	1,500,000[160]	540 [145]	New York, New York
African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church	1,432,795	3,226[161]	Charlotte, North Carolina
Presbyterian Church (USA)	1,302,043[162]	9,041[162]	Louisville, Kentucky
Pentecostal Assemblies of the World	1,300,000[163]	1,750[164]	Indianapolis, Indiana
Jehovah's Witnesses	1,237,054	12,594[165]	Warwick, New York
Baptist Bible Fellowship International	1,200,000	4,500[166]	Springfield, Missouri
American Baptist Churches USA	1,186,416	5,123'BWA Statistics'. www.baptistworld.org.</ref>	Valley Forge, Pennsylvania
Seventh-day Adventist Church	1,166,672	5,134[167]	Silver Spring, Maryland
Churches of Christ	1,113,362	11,914[168]	None
Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)	1,076,254	6,060[169]	Cleveland, Tennessee

See also

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Sources

• FitzGerald, Thomas (2007). 'Eastern Christianity in the United States'. The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 269–279. ISBN9780470766392.

Further reading

• Ahlstrom, Sydney E. A Religious History of the American People (1972, 2004) the standard history excerpt and text search
• Askew, Thomas A., and Peter W. Spellman. The Churches and the American Experiment: Ideals and Institutions (1984).
• Balmer, Randall. Protestantism in America (2005)
• Balmer, Randall. The Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism (2002) excerpt and text search
• Bonomi, Patricia U. Under the Cope of Heaven: Religion, Society, and Politics in Colonial America Oxford University Press, 1988 online edition
• Butler, Jon, et al. Religion in American Life: A Short History (2011)
• Dolan, Jay P. The American Catholic Experience (1992)
• Johnson, Paul, ed. African-American Christianity: Essays in History, (1994) complete text online, free
• Keller, Rosemary Skinner, and Rosemary Radford Ruether, eds. Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America (3 vol 2006)
• Noll, Mark A. American Evangelical Christianity: An Introduction (2000) excerpt and text search
• Wigger, John H.. and Nathan O. Hatch. Methodism and the Shaping of American Culture. (2001) excerpt and text search

External links